Tempat
Elam
Dataran tinggi, anak Sem (Kejadian 10:22), dan nama negeri yang didiami oleh keturunannya (Kejadian 14:1, 9; Yesaya 11:11; 21:2, dst.) yang terletak di sebelah timur Babilonia, membentang sampai ke pantai Laut Tengah, jarak garis lurus sekitar 1.000 mil. Nama Elam adalah kata Asyur yang berarti “tinggi”.
“Penduduk Elam, atau ‘Dataran Tinggi’, di sebelah timur Babilon, disebut orang Elam. Mereka terbagi dalam beberapa cabang, berbicara dalam berbagai dialek yang berbeda dari bahasa aglutinatif yang sama. Ras mereka termasuk brakisefalik, atau berkepala pendek, seperti orang Sumeria pra-Semit di Babilonia.
“Kerajaan Elam paling awal tampaknya adalah Anzan, yang letak pastinya belum pasti; tetapi pada zaman Abraham, Susan atau Susa tampaknya sudah menjadi ibu kota negeri itu. Babilonia sering diserang oleh raja-raja Elam, yang kadang-kadang menegakkan kekuasaan mereka atasnya (seperti dalam kasus Kedorlaomer, Kudur-Lagamar, atau ‘hamba dewi Lagamar’, dari teks-teks paku).
“Para raja Asyur yang kemudian melancarkan beberapa kampanye militer melawan Elam, dan akhirnya Asyurbanipal (sekitar 650 SM) berhasil menaklukkan negeri itu, yang dihancurkan dengan api dan pedang. Setelah runtuhnya Kekaisaran Asyur, Elam jatuh ke tangan orang Persia” (A.H. Sayce).
Negeri ini oleh orang Yunani disebut Cissia atau Susiana.
Graf hubungan
Posisi Elam dalam kisah Alkitab yang lebih luas, menghubungkan orang-orang, tempat-tempat, keluarga, dan peristiwa yang terkait dengan kehidupan mereka. Lihat bagaimana hubungan-hubungan ini saling tumpang tindih dan membentuk satu gambaran utuh, bukan daftar-daftar terpisah.
Referensi Kitab Suci
14 ayat menyebutkan Elam
| Referensi | Ayat |
|---|---|
| Genesis 14:1 | And it came to pass in the days of Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of nations; |
| Genesis 14:9 | With Chedorlaomer the king of Elam, and with Tidal king of nations, and Amraphel king of Shinar, and Arioch king of Ellasar; four kings with five. |
| Isaiah 11:11 | And it shall come to pass in that day, that the Lord shall set his hand again the second time to recover the remnant of his people, which shall be left, from Assyria, and from Egypt, and from Pathros, and from Cush, and from Elam, and from Shinar, and from Hamath, and from the islands of the sea. |
| Isaiah 21:2 | A grievous vision is declared unto me; the treacherous dealer dealeth treacherously, and the spoiler spoileth. Go up, O Elam: besiege, O Media; all the sighing thereof have I made to cease. |
| Isaiah 22:6 | And Elam bare the quiver with chariots of men and horsemen, and Kir uncovered the shield. |
| Jeremiah 25:25 | And all the kings of Zimri, and all the kings of Elam, and all the kings of the Medes, |
| Jeremiah 49:34 | The word of the LORD that came to Jeremiah the prophet against Elam in the beginning of the reign of Zedekiah king of Judah, saying, |
| Jeremiah 49:35 | Thus saith the LORD of hosts; Behold, I will break the bow of Elam, the chief of their might. |
| Jeremiah 49:36 | And upon Elam will I bring the four winds from the four quarters of heaven, and will scatter them toward all those winds; and there shall be no nation whither the outcasts of Elam shall not come. |
| Jeremiah 49:37 | For I will cause Elam to be dismayed before their enemies, and before them that seek their life: and I will bring evil upon them, even my fierce anger, saith the LORD; and I will send the sword after them, till I have consumed them: |
| Jeremiah 49:38 | And I will set my throne in Elam, and will destroy from thence the king and the princes, saith the LORD. |
| Jeremiah 49:39 | But it shall come to pass in the latter days, that I will bring again the captivity of Elam, saith the LORD. |
| Ezekiel 32:24 | There is Elam and all her multitude round about her grave, all of them slain, fallen by the sword, which are gone down uncircumcised into the nether parts of the earth, which caused their terror in the land of the living; yet have they borne their shame with them that go down to the pit. |
| Daniel 8:2 | And I saw in a vision; and it came to pass, when I saw, that I was at Shushan in the palace, which is in the province of Elam; and I saw in a vision, and I was by the river of Ulai. |
1–14 dari 14 ayat