- Beranda
- Tempat-tempat
- Efrat
Tempat
Efrat
Bahasa Ibrani, Perat; bahasa Asyur, Purat; kuneiform Persia, Ufratush, yang darinya muncul nama Yunani Euphrates, yang berarti “air manis”. Nama Asyur tersebut berarti “sungai itu”, atau “sungai besar”. Sungai ini umumnya disebut di Alkitab hanya sebagai “sungai itu” (Keluaran 23:31), atau “sungai besar” (Ulangan 1:7).
Sungai Efrat pertama kali disebutkan dalam Kejadian 2:14 sebagai salah satu sungai di Firdaus. Sungai ini kemudian disebutkan sehubungan dengan perjanjian yang dibuat Allah dengan Abraham (Kejadian 15:18), ketika Dia berjanji kepada keturunannya tanah dari sungai Mesir hingga ke Sungai Efrat (bdk. Ulangan 11:24; Yosua 1:4), sebuah janji perjanjian yang kemudian digenapi dalam perluasan penaklukan oleh Daud (2 Samuel 8:2-14; 1 Tawarikh 18:3; 1 Raja-raja 4:24). Sungai ini pada waktu itu menjadi batas kerajaan di sebelah timur laut. Dalam sejarah kuno Asyur, Babel, dan Mesir, banyak peristiwa dicatat yang menyebutkan tentang “sungai besar” ini. Sama seperti Sungai Nil yang melambangkan kekuatan Mesir dalam nubuat, demikian pula Sungai Efrat melambangkan kekuatan Asyur (Yesaya 8:7; Yeremia 2:18).
Sungai ini merupakan yang terbesar dan paling penting dari semua sungai di Asia Barat. Dari sumbernya di pegunungan Armenia hingga ke Teluk Persia, tempat ia bermuara, sungai ini memiliki panjang aliran sekitar 1.700 mil. Sungai ini memiliki dua sumber, (1) Frat atau Kara-su (yaitu, “sungai hitam”), yang berhulu 25 mil di sebelah timur laut Erzeroum; dan (2) Muradchai (yaitu, “sungai dambaan”), yang berhulu dekat Ararat, di lereng utara Ala-tagh. Di Kebban Maden, 400 mil dari sumber yang pertama, dan 270 dari yang kedua, keduanya bertemu dan membentuk aliran sungai yang megah, yang pada akhirnya bergabung dengan Sungai Tigris di Koornah, setelah itu disebut Syatt al-Arab, yang mengalir dalam aliran yang dalam dan lebar sepanjang lebih dari 140 mil ke laut. Diperkirakan bahwa endapan aluvium yang dibawa oleh sungai-sungai ini mendesak ke laut dengan laju sekitar satu mil setiap tiga puluh tahun.
Graf hubungan
Posisi Efrat dalam kisah Alkitab yang lebih luas, menghubungkan orang-orang, tempat-tempat, keluarga, dan peristiwa yang terkait dengan kehidupan mereka. Lihat bagaimana hubungan-hubungan ini saling tumpang tindih dan membentuk satu gambaran utuh, bukan daftar-daftar terpisah.
Referensi Kitab Suci
32 ayat menyebutkan Efrat
| Referensi | Ayat |
|---|---|
| Genesis 2:14 | And the name of the third river is Hiddekel: that is it which goeth toward the east of Assyria. And the fourth river is Euphrates. |
| Genesis 15:18 | In the same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates: |
| Genesis 31:21 | So he fled with all that he had; and he rose up, and passed over the river, and set his face toward the mount Gilead. |
| Genesis 36:37 | And Samlah died, and Saul of Rehoboth by the river reigned in his stead. |
| Exodus 23:31 | And I will set thy bounds from the Red sea even unto the sea of the Philistines, and from the desert unto the river: for I will deliver the inhabitants of the land into your hand; and thou shalt drive them out before thee. |
| Deuteronomy 1:7 | Turn you, and take your journey, and go to the mount of the Amorites, and unto all the places nigh thereunto, in the plain, in the hills, and in the vale, and in the south, and by the sea side, to the land of the Canaanites, and unto Lebanon, unto the great river, the river Euphrates. |
| Deuteronomy 11:24 | Every place whereon the soles of your feet shall tread shall be yours: from the wilderness and Lebanon, from the river, the river Euphrates, even unto the uttermost sea shall your coast be. |
| Joshua 1:4 | From the wilderness and this Lebanon even unto the great river, the river Euphrates, all the land of the Hittites, and unto the great sea toward the going down of the sun, shall be your coast. |
| 2 Samuel 8:3 | David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates. |
| 2 Samuel 10:16 | And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the river: and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them. |
| 1 Kings 4:21 | And Solomon reigned over all kingdoms from the river unto the land of the Philistines, and unto the border of Egypt: they brought presents, and served Solomon all the days of his life. |
| 1 Kings 4:24 | For he had dominion over all the region on this side the river, from Tiphsah even to Azzah, over all the kings on this side the river: and he had peace on all sides round about him. |
| 1 Kings 14:15 | For the LORD shall smite Israel, as a reed is shaken in the water, and he shall root up Israel out of this good land, which he gave to their fathers, and shall scatter them beyond the river, because they have made their groves, provoking the LORD to anger. |
| 2 Kings 23:29 | In his days Pharaohnechoh king of Egypt went up against the king of Assyria to the river Euphrates: and king Josiah went against him; and he slew him at Megiddo, when he had seen him. |
| 2 Kings 24:7 | And the king of Egypt came not again any more out of his land: for the king of Babylon had taken from the river of Egypt unto the river Euphrates all that pertained to the king of Egypt. |
| 1 Chronicles 1:48 | And when Samlah was dead, Shaul of Rehoboth by the river reigned in his stead. |
| 1 Chronicles 5:9 | And eastward he inhabited unto the entering in of the wilderness from the river Euphrates: because their cattle were multiplied in the land of Gilead. |
| 1 Chronicles 18:3 | And David smote Hadarezer king of Zobah unto Hamath, as he went to stablish his dominion by the river Euphrates. |
| 1 Chronicles 19:16 | And when the Syrians saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they sent messengers, and drew forth the Syrians that were beyond the river: and Shophach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them. |
| 2 Chronicles 9:26 | And he reigned over all the kings from the river even unto the land of the Philistines, and to the border of Egypt. |
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