ἐπί

epi

Greek G1909 Preposition 890 occurrences in 781 verses

ἐπί upon/to/against

ἐπί (before a smooth breathing ἐπ᾽, before a rough breathing ἐφ᾽),

prep. with genitive, dative, accusative (accusative most frequently in NT),

with primary sense of superposition, on, upon.

I. C. genitive,

1. of place, answering the question, where?

(a) of the place on which, on, upon: ἐπὶ (τ.) γῆς, Mat.6:10, 19, al.; τ. κεφαλῆς, 1Co.11:10; τ. νεφελῶν, Mat.24:3o, al.; like ἐν, in constr. praegn. after verbs of motion: βάλλειν, Mrk.4:26; σπείρειν, ib. 31; ἔρχεσθαι, Heb.6:7, al.; figuratively, ἐπ᾽ ἀληθείας (MM, see word ἀ.); of the subject of thought or speech, Gal.3:16; of power or authority, over, πάντων, Rom.9:5: τ. γάζης, Act.8:27; ἐξουσία, Rev.2:26 20:6;

(b) of vicinity, at, by: τ. θαλάσσης, Jhn.6:9; τ. ὁδοῦ, Mat.21:19; τοῦ βάτου, Mrk.12:26 (see Swete, in l.); with genitive of person(s), in the presence of, before, Mat.28:14, Act.23:30, 1Co.6:1, al.

2. Of time,

(a) with genitive of person(s), in the time of: ἐπὶ Ἐλισαίου, Luk.4:27; ἐπὶ Κλαυδίου, Act.11:28; ἐπὶ Ἀβιάθαρ ἀρχιερέως, when A. was high priest, Mrk.2:26;

(b) with genitive of thing(s), at, at the time of: Mat.1:11, Heb.1:2, 2Pe.3:3; ἐπὶ τ. προσευχῶν, Rom.1:10, Eph.1:16, 1Th.1:2, Phm 4.

II. C. dative, of place, answering the question, where?

(a) lit., on, upon: Mat.9:16, 14:8, al.; after verbs of motion (see supr., I, 1, (a)), Mat.9:16 Act.8:16; above, Luk.23:38; at, by, Mrk.13:29, Jhn.5:2, Act.5:9, al.;

(b) metaphorically, upon, on the ground of, Luk.4:4 (LXX); in the matter of, Mrk.6:52 (see Swete, in l.); upon, of, concerning, Act.5:35, 40; of the ground, reason or motive (Bl., §38, 2; 43, 3), Mat.18:3 19:9, Rom.12:12, al.; ἐφ᾽ ᾧ, for the reason that, because, Rom.5:12 2Co.5:4; after verbs of motion, over, Mat.18:13, Rom.16:19, al.; of a condition (cl.), Rom.8:20, 1Co.9:10; ἐπὶ δυσὶ μάρτυσιν (see Westc. on Heb.9:10), Heb.10:28; of purpose or aim, Eph.2:10, Php.4:10; of authority, over, Mat.24:47 Luk.12:44; of hostility, with dative of person(s) (cl.), against, Luk.12:52; in addition to (cl.), 2Co.7:13; of an adjunct, in, at, on, Php.1:3 2:17.

III. C. accusative,

1. of place of motion upon or over, answering the question, whither?

(a) lit., upon, over: Mat.14:28, 29, Luk.5:19, al. mult.; in NT also, answering the question, where? (as with genitive, dative), Mrk.4:38 11:2, Luk.2:25, Jhn.1:32; ἐπὶ τ. αὐτό, Act.1:15 2:1, al.; of motion to a vicinity, to, Mrk.16:2, Act.8:36, al.;

(b) metaphorically (in wh. "the accusative is more widely prevalent than it strictly should be," Bl., §43, 1); of blessings, evils, etc., coming upon one, with accusative of person(s), Mat.10:13 12:28, Act.2:17, Jhn.18:4, Eph.5:6, al.; of addition (dative in cl.), λύπη ἐπὶ λύπην, Php.2:27; ἐπικαλεῖν ὄνομα ἐπί (see: ἐπικαλέω), Act.15:17, Jas.2:7; καλεῖν ἐπί, to call after, Luk.1:59; of number or degree: ἐπὶ τρίς (cl. εἰς τ.), thrice, Act.10:16 11:10; ἐπὶ πλεῖον, the more, further, Act.4:17 2Ti.2:16 3:9 (see also infr., 2, (a)); ἐφ᾽ ὅσον (see infr., ib.), forasmuch as, Mat.25:40, 45, Rom.11:13; of power, authority, control, Luk.1:33, Act.7:10 Rom.5:14, Heb.3:6, al.; of the direction of thoughts and feelings, unto, towards, Luk.1:17 23:28, Act.9:35, 42, Rom.11:22, Gal.4:9, Eph.2:7, 1Ti.5:5, al.; of purpose, for, Mat.3:7, Luk.23:48; ἐφ᾽ ὅ πάρει (Rec. ἐφ᾽ ᾧ, Mat.26:50; of hostility, against, Mat.24:7, Mrk.3:24-26 10:11 13:8, Luk.9:5, Jhn.13:18, Act.7:54, 1Co.7:36, 2Co.1:23; Of reference, concerning, for (cl. usually dative), Mrk.9:12 15:24, Jhn.19:24, Rom.4:9.

2. Of time,

(a) during, for: Luk.4:25 (WH, txt., omits ἐπί), Act.13:31 16:18, Heb.11:30, al.; ἐφ᾽ ὅσον (χρόνον), as long as, for so long time as, Mrk.9:15 Rom.7:1, al. (for ἐφ᾽ ὅ in another sense, see supr., 1, (b)); ἐφ᾽ ἱκανόν (see: ἱ), Act.20:11; ἐπὶ πλεῖον (see supr., 1, (b)), yet longer, further, Act.20:9 24:4;

(b) on, about, towards (cl. εἰς): Luk.10:35 Act.3:1 4:5.

IV. In composition, ἐπί signifies: up, ἐπαίρω; upon, ἐπίγειος, ἐπιδημέω, ὠπικαθίζω; towards, επιβλέπω, ὠπεκτείνω; over (of superintendence), ἐπιστάτης; again, in addition, ἐπαιτέω; against, ἐπιορκέω, ἐπιβουλή.

(AS)

Lexicon: STEPBible Tyndale House Brief Lexicons (TBESH / TBESG) (CC BY 4.0)

Translation

Translated as (BSB)

Forms

By book

Old Testament

New Testament

Concordance 781 verses

Matthew 1:11 ἐπὶ

and Josiah the father of Jeconiah and his brothers at the time of the exile to Babylon.
Matthew 3:7 ἐπὶ

But when John saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his place of baptism, he said to them, “You brood of vipers, who warned you to flee from the coming wrath?
Matthew 3:13 ἐπὶ

At that time Jesus came from Galilee to the Jordan to be baptized by John.
Matthew 3:16 ἐπ’

As soon as Jesus was baptized, He went up out of the water. Suddenly the heavens were opened, and He saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and resting on Him.
Matthew 4:4 ἐπ’ἐπὶ

But Jesus answered, “It is written: ‘Man shall not live on bread alone, but on every word that comes from the mouth of God.’”
Matthew 4:5 ἐπὶ

Then the devil took Him to the holy city and set Him on the pinnacle of the temple.
Matthew 4:6 ἐπὶ

“If You are the Son of God,” he said, “throw Yourself down. For it is written: ‘He will command His angels concerning You, and they will lift You up in their hands, so that You will not strike Your foot against a stone.’”
Matthew 5:15 ἐπὶ

Neither do people light a lamp and put it under a basket. Instead, they set it on a stand, and it gives light to everyone in the house.
Matthew 5:23 ἐπὶ

So if you are offering your gift at the altar and there remember that your brother has something against you,
Matthew 5:45 ἐπὶἐπὶ

that you may be sons of your Father in heaven. He causes His sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous.
Matthew 6:10 ἐπὶ

Your kingdom come, Your will be done, on earth as it is in heaven.
Matthew 6:19 ἐπὶ

Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy, and where thieves break in and steal.
Matthew 6:27 ἐπὶ

Who of you by worrying can add a single hour to his life?
Matthew 7:24 ἐπὶ

Therefore everyone who hears these words of Mine and acts on them is like a wise man who built his house on the rock.
Matthew 7:25 ἐπὶ

The rain fell, the torrents raged, and the winds blew and beat against that house; yet it did not fall, because its foundation was on the rock.
Matthew 7:26 ἐπὶ

But everyone who hears these words of Mine and does not act on them is like a foolish man who built his house on sand.
Matthew 7:28 ἐπὶ

When Jesus had finished saying these things, the crowds were astonished at His teaching,
Matthew 9:2 ἐπὶ

Just then some men brought to Him a paralytic lying on a mat. When Jesus saw their faith, He said to the paralytic, “Take courage, son; your sins are forgiven.”
Matthew 9:6 ἐπὶ

But so that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins...” Then He said to the paralytic, “Get up, pick up your mat, and go home.”
Matthew 9:9 ἐπὶ

As Jesus went on from there, He saw a man named Matthew sitting at the tax booth. “Follow Me,” He told him, and Matthew got up and followed Him.
Matthew 9:15 ἐφ’

Jesus replied, “How can the guests of the bridegroom mourn while He is with them? But the time will come when the bridegroom will be taken from them; then they will fast.
Matthew 9:16 ἐπὶ

No one sews a patch of unshrunk cloth on an old garment. For the patch will pull away from the garment, and a worse tear will result.
Matthew 9:18 ἐπ’

While Jesus was saying these things, a synagogue leader came and knelt before Him. “My daughter has just died,” he said. “But come and place Your hand on her, and she will live.”
Matthew 10:13 ἐπ’

If the home is worthy, let your peace rest on it; but if it is not, let your peace return to you.
Matthew 10:18 ἐπὶ

On My account, you will be brought before governors and kings as witnesses to them and to the Gentiles.
Matthew 10:21 ἐπὶ

Brother will betray brother to death, and a father his child; children will rise against their parents and have them put to death.
Matthew 10:27 ἐπὶ

What I tell you in the dark, speak in the daylight; what is whispered in your ear, proclaim from the housetops.
Matthew 10:29 ἐπὶ

Are not two sparrows sold for a penny? Yet not one of them will fall to the ground apart from the will of your Father.
Matthew 10:34 ἐπὶ

Do not assume that I have come to bring peace to the earth; I have not come to bring peace, but a sword.
Matthew 11:29 ἐφ’

Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me; for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.
Matthew 12:18 ἐπ’

“Here is My Servant, whom I have chosen, My beloved, in whom My soul delights. I will put My Spirit on Him, and He will proclaim justice to the nations.
Matthew 12:26 ἐφ’

If Satan drives out Satan, he is divided against himself. How then can his kingdom stand?
Matthew 12:28 ἐφ’

But if I drive out demons by the Spirit of God, then the kingdom of God has come upon you.
Matthew 12:49 ἐπὶ

Pointing to His disciples, He said, “Here are My mother and My brothers.
Matthew 13:2 ἐπὶ

Such large crowds gathered around Him that He got into a boat and sat down, while all the people stood on the shore.
Matthew 13:5 ἐπὶ

Some fell on rocky ground, where it did not have much soil. It sprang up quickly because the soil was shallow.
Matthew 13:7 ἐπὶ

Other seed fell among thorns, which grew up and choked the seedlings.
Matthew 13:8 ἐπὶ

Still other seed fell on good soil and produced a crop—a hundredfold, sixtyfold, or thirtyfold.
Matthew 13:20 ἐπὶ

The seed sown on rocky ground is the one who hears the word and at once receives it with joy.
Matthew 13:23 ἐπὶ

But the seed sown on good soil is the one who hears the word and understands it. He indeed bears fruit and produces a crop—a hundredfold, sixtyfold, or thirtyfold.”
Matthew 13:48 ἐπὶ

When it was full, the men pulled it ashore. Then they sat down and sorted the good fish into containers, but threw the bad away.
Matthew 14:8 ἐπὶ

Prompted by her mother, she said, “Give me here on a platter the head of John the Baptist.”
Matthew 14:11 ἐπὶ

John’s head was brought in on a platter and presented to the girl, who carried it to her mother.
Matthew 14:14 ἐπ’

When He stepped ashore and saw a large crowd, He had compassion on them and healed their sick.
Matthew 14:19 ἐπὶ

And He directed the crowds to sit down on the grass. Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking up to heaven, He spoke a blessing. Then He broke the loaves and gave them to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the people.
Matthew 14:25 ἐπὶ

During the fourth watch of the night, Jesus went out to them, walking on the sea.
Matthew 14:26 ἐπὶ

When the disciples saw Him walking on the sea, they were terrified. “It’s a ghost!” they said, and cried out in fear.
Matthew 14:28 ἐπὶ

“Lord, if it is You,” Peter replied, “command me to come to You on the water.”
Matthew 14:29 ἐπὶ

“Come,” said Jesus. Then Peter got down out of the boat, walked on the water, and came toward Jesus.
Matthew 14:34 ἐπὶ

When they had crossed over, they landed at Gennesaret.