ἐπί

epi

Greek G1909 Preposition 890 occurrences in 781 verses

ἐπί upon/to/against

ἐπί (before a smooth breathing ἐπ᾽, before a rough breathing ἐφ᾽),

prep. with genitive, dative, accusative (accusative most frequently in NT),

with primary sense of superposition, on, upon.

I. C. genitive,

1. of place, answering the question, where?

(a) of the place on which, on, upon: ἐπὶ (τ.) γῆς, Mat.6:10, 19, al.; τ. κεφαλῆς, 1Co.11:10; τ. νεφελῶν, Mat.24:3o, al.; like ἐν, in constr. praegn. after verbs of motion: βάλλειν, Mrk.4:26; σπείρειν, ib. 31; ἔρχεσθαι, Heb.6:7, al.; figuratively, ἐπ᾽ ἀληθείας (MM, see word ἀ.); of the subject of thought or speech, Gal.3:16; of power or authority, over, πάντων, Rom.9:5: τ. γάζης, Act.8:27; ἐξουσία, Rev.2:26 20:6;

(b) of vicinity, at, by: τ. θαλάσσης, Jhn.6:9; τ. ὁδοῦ, Mat.21:19; τοῦ βάτου, Mrk.12:26 (see Swete, in l.); with genitive of person(s), in the presence of, before, Mat.28:14, Act.23:30, 1Co.6:1, al.

2. Of time,

(a) with genitive of person(s), in the time of: ἐπὶ Ἐλισαίου, Luk.4:27; ἐπὶ Κλαυδίου, Act.11:28; ἐπὶ Ἀβιάθαρ ἀρχιερέως, when A. was high priest, Mrk.2:26;

(b) with genitive of thing(s), at, at the time of: Mat.1:11, Heb.1:2, 2Pe.3:3; ἐπὶ τ. προσευχῶν, Rom.1:10, Eph.1:16, 1Th.1:2, Phm 4.

II. C. dative, of place, answering the question, where?

(a) lit., on, upon: Mat.9:16, 14:8, al.; after verbs of motion (see supr., I, 1, (a)), Mat.9:16 Act.8:16; above, Luk.23:38; at, by, Mrk.13:29, Jhn.5:2, Act.5:9, al.;

(b) metaphorically, upon, on the ground of, Luk.4:4 (LXX); in the matter of, Mrk.6:52 (see Swete, in l.); upon, of, concerning, Act.5:35, 40; of the ground, reason or motive (Bl., §38, 2; 43, 3), Mat.18:3 19:9, Rom.12:12, al.; ἐφ᾽ ᾧ, for the reason that, because, Rom.5:12 2Co.5:4; after verbs of motion, over, Mat.18:13, Rom.16:19, al.; of a condition (cl.), Rom.8:20, 1Co.9:10; ἐπὶ δυσὶ μάρτυσιν (see Westc. on Heb.9:10), Heb.10:28; of purpose or aim, Eph.2:10, Php.4:10; of authority, over, Mat.24:47 Luk.12:44; of hostility, with dative of person(s) (cl.), against, Luk.12:52; in addition to (cl.), 2Co.7:13; of an adjunct, in, at, on, Php.1:3 2:17.

III. C. accusative,

1. of place of motion upon or over, answering the question, whither?

(a) lit., upon, over: Mat.14:28, 29, Luk.5:19, al. mult.; in NT also, answering the question, where? (as with genitive, dative), Mrk.4:38 11:2, Luk.2:25, Jhn.1:32; ἐπὶ τ. αὐτό, Act.1:15 2:1, al.; of motion to a vicinity, to, Mrk.16:2, Act.8:36, al.;

(b) metaphorically (in wh. "the accusative is more widely prevalent than it strictly should be," Bl., §43, 1); of blessings, evils, etc., coming upon one, with accusative of person(s), Mat.10:13 12:28, Act.2:17, Jhn.18:4, Eph.5:6, al.; of addition (dative in cl.), λύπη ἐπὶ λύπην, Php.2:27; ἐπικαλεῖν ὄνομα ἐπί (see: ἐπικαλέω), Act.15:17, Jas.2:7; καλεῖν ἐπί, to call after, Luk.1:59; of number or degree: ἐπὶ τρίς (cl. εἰς τ.), thrice, Act.10:16 11:10; ἐπὶ πλεῖον, the more, further, Act.4:17 2Ti.2:16 3:9 (see also infr., 2, (a)); ἐφ᾽ ὅσον (see infr., ib.), forasmuch as, Mat.25:40, 45, Rom.11:13; of power, authority, control, Luk.1:33, Act.7:10 Rom.5:14, Heb.3:6, al.; of the direction of thoughts and feelings, unto, towards, Luk.1:17 23:28, Act.9:35, 42, Rom.11:22, Gal.4:9, Eph.2:7, 1Ti.5:5, al.; of purpose, for, Mat.3:7, Luk.23:48; ἐφ᾽ ὅ πάρει (Rec. ἐφ᾽ ᾧ, Mat.26:50; of hostility, against, Mat.24:7, Mrk.3:24-26 10:11 13:8, Luk.9:5, Jhn.13:18, Act.7:54, 1Co.7:36, 2Co.1:23; Of reference, concerning, for (cl. usually dative), Mrk.9:12 15:24, Jhn.19:24, Rom.4:9.

2. Of time,

(a) during, for: Luk.4:25 (WH, txt., omits ἐπί), Act.13:31 16:18, Heb.11:30, al.; ἐφ᾽ ὅσον (χρόνον), as long as, for so long time as, Mrk.9:15 Rom.7:1, al. (for ἐφ᾽ ὅ in another sense, see supr., 1, (b)); ἐφ᾽ ἱκανόν (see: ἱ), Act.20:11; ἐπὶ πλεῖον (see supr., 1, (b)), yet longer, further, Act.20:9 24:4;

(b) on, about, towards (cl. εἰς): Luk.10:35 Act.3:1 4:5.

IV. In composition, ἐπί signifies: up, ἐπαίρω; upon, ἐπίγειος, ἐπιδημέω, ὠπικαθίζω; towards, επιβλέπω, ὠπεκτείνω; over (of superintendence), ἐπιστάτης; again, in addition, ἐπαιτέω; against, ἐπιορκέω, ἐπιβουλή.

(AS)

Lexicon: STEPBible Tyndale House Brief Lexicons (TBESH / TBESG) (CC BY 4.0)

Translation

Translated as (BSB)

Forms

By book

Old Testament

New Testament

Concordance 781 verses

John 21:1 ἐπὶ

Later, by the Sea of Tiberias, Jesus again revealed Himself to the disciples. He made Himself known in this way:
John 21:20 ἐπὶ

Peter turned and saw the disciple whom Jesus loved following them. He was the one who had leaned back against Jesus at the supper to ask, “Lord, who is going to betray You?”
Acts 1:8 ἐφ’

But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you, and you will be My witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth.”
Acts 1:15 ἐπὶ

In those days Peter stood up among the brothers (a gathering of about a hundred and twenty) and said,
Acts 1:21 ἐφ’

Therefore it is necessary to choose one of the men who have accompanied us the whole time the Lord Jesus went in and out among us,
Acts 1:26 ἐπὶ

Then they cast lots, and the lot fell to Matthias; so he was added to the eleven apostles.
Acts 2:1 ἐπὶ

When the day of Pentecost came, they were all together in one place.
Acts 2:3 ἐφ’

They saw tongues like flames of fire that separated and came to rest on each of them.
Acts 2:17 ἐπὶ

‘In the last days, God says, I will pour out My Spirit on all people. Your sons and daughters will prophesy, your young men will see visions, your old men will dream dreams.
Acts 2:18 ἐπὶἐπὶ

Even on My menservants and maidservants I will pour out My Spirit in those days, and they will prophesy.
Acts 2:19 ἐπὶ

I will show wonders in the heavens above and signs on the earth below, blood and fire and billows of smoke.
Acts 2:26 ἐπ’

Therefore my heart is glad and my tongue rejoices; my body also will dwell in hope,
Acts 2:30 ἐπὶ

But he was a prophet and knew that God had promised him on oath that He would place one of his descendants on his throne.
Acts 2:38 ἐπὶ

Peter replied, “Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.
Acts 2:44 ἐπὶ

All the believers were together and had everything in common.
Acts 2:47 ἐπὶ

praising God and enjoying the favor of all the people. And the Lord added to their number daily those who were being saved.
Acts 3:1 ἐπὶ

One afternoon Peter and John were going up to the temple at the hour of prayer, the ninth hour.
Acts 3:10 ἐπὶἐπὶ

they recognized him as the man who used to sit begging at the Beautiful Gate of the temple, and they were filled with wonder and amazement at what had happened to him.
Acts 3:11 ἐπὶ

While the man clung to Peter and John, all the people were astonished and ran to them in the walkway called Solomon’s Colonnade.
Acts 3:12 ἐπὶ

And when Peter saw this, he addressed the people: “Men of Israel, why are you surprised by this? Why do you stare at us as if by our own power or godliness we had made this man walk?
Acts 3:16 ἐπὶ

By faith in the name of Jesus, this man whom you see and know has been made strong. It is Jesus’ name and the faith that comes through Him that has given him this complete healing in your presence.
Acts 4:5 ἐπὶ

The next day the rulers, elders, and scribes assembled in Jerusalem,
Acts 4:9 ἐπὶ

If we are being examined today about a kind service to a man who was lame, to determine how he was healed,
Acts 4:17 ἐπὶἐπὶ

But to keep this message from spreading any further among the people, we must warn them not to speak to anyone in this name.”
Acts 4:18 ἐπὶ

Then they called them in again and commanded them not to speak or teach at all in the name of Jesus.
Acts 4:21 ἐπὶ

After further threats they let them go. They could not find a way to punish them, because all the people were glorifying God for what had happened.
Acts 4:22 ἐφ’

For the man who was miraculously healed was over forty years old.
Acts 4:26 ἐπὶ

The kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers gather together against the Lord and against His Anointed One.’
Acts 4:27 ἐπ’ἐπὶ

In fact, this is the very city where Herod and Pontius Pilate conspired with the Gentiles and the people of Israel against Your holy servant Jesus, whom You anointed.
Acts 4:29 ἐπὶ

And now, Lord, consider their threats, and enable Your servants to speak Your word with complete boldness,
Acts 4:33 ἐπὶ

With great power the apostles continued to give their testimony about the resurrection of the Lord Jesus. And abundant grace was upon them all.
Acts 5:5 ἐπὶ

On hearing these words, Ananias fell down and died. And great fear came over all who heard what had happened.
Acts 5:9 ἐπὶ

“How could you agree to test the Spirit of the Lord?” Peter replied. “Look, the feet of the men who buried your husband are at the door, and they will carry you out also.”
Acts 5:11 ἐφ’ἐπὶ

And great fear came over the whole church and all who heard about these events.
Acts 5:15 ἐπὶ

As a result, people brought the sick into the streets and laid them on cots and mats, so that at least Peter’s shadow might fall on some of them as he passed by.
Acts 5:18 ἐπὶ

and arrested the apostles and put them in the public jail.
Acts 5:23 ἐπὶ

“We found the jail securely locked, with the guards posted at the doors; but when we opened them, we found no one inside.”
Acts 5:28 ἐπὶἐφ’

“We gave you strict orders not to teach in this name,” he said. “Yet you have filled Jerusalem with your teaching and are determined to make us responsible for this man’s blood.”
Acts 5:30 ἐπὶ

The God of our fathers raised up Jesus, whom you had killed by hanging Him on a tree.
Acts 5:35 ἐπὶ

“Men of Israel,” he said, “consider carefully what you are about to do to these men.
Acts 5:40 ἐπὶ

At this, they yielded to Gamaliel. They called the apostles in and had them flogged. Then they ordered them not to speak in the name of Jesus, and released them.
Acts 6:3 ἐπὶ

Therefore, brothers, select from among you seven men confirmed to be full of the Spirit and wisdom. We will appoint this responsibility to them
Acts 7:10 ἐπ’ἐφ’

and rescued him from all his troubles. He granted Joseph favor and wisdom in the sight of Pharaoh king of Egypt, who appointed him ruler over Egypt and all his household.
Acts 7:11 ἐφ’

Then famine and great suffering swept across Egypt and Canaan, and our fathers could not find food.
Acts 7:18 ἐπ’

Then another king, who knew nothing of Joseph, arose over Egypt.
Acts 7:23 ἐπὶ

When Moses was forty years old, he decided to visit his brothers, the children of Israel.
Acts 7:27 ἐφ’

But the man who was abusing his neighbor pushed Moses aside and said, ‘Who made you ruler and judge over us?
Acts 7:33 ἐφ’

Then the Lord said to him, ‘Take off your sandals, for the place where you are standing is holy ground.
Acts 7:54 ἐπ’

On hearing this, the members of the Sanhedrin were enraged, and they gnashed their teeth at him.
Acts 7:57 ἐπ’

At this they covered their ears, cried out in a loud voice, and rushed together at him.