ἐπί

epi

Greek G1909 Preposition 890 occurrences in 781 verses

ἐπί upon/to/against

ἐπί (before a smooth breathing ἐπ᾽, before a rough breathing ἐφ᾽),

prep. with genitive, dative, accusative (accusative most frequently in NT),

with primary sense of superposition, on, upon.

I. C. genitive,

1. of place, answering the question, where?

(a) of the place on which, on, upon: ἐπὶ (τ.) γῆς, Mat.6:10, 19, al.; τ. κεφαλῆς, 1Co.11:10; τ. νεφελῶν, Mat.24:3o, al.; like ἐν, in constr. praegn. after verbs of motion: βάλλειν, Mrk.4:26; σπείρειν, ib. 31; ἔρχεσθαι, Heb.6:7, al.; figuratively, ἐπ᾽ ἀληθείας (MM, see word ἀ.); of the subject of thought or speech, Gal.3:16; of power or authority, over, πάντων, Rom.9:5: τ. γάζης, Act.8:27; ἐξουσία, Rev.2:26 20:6;

(b) of vicinity, at, by: τ. θαλάσσης, Jhn.6:9; τ. ὁδοῦ, Mat.21:19; τοῦ βάτου, Mrk.12:26 (see Swete, in l.); with genitive of person(s), in the presence of, before, Mat.28:14, Act.23:30, 1Co.6:1, al.

2. Of time,

(a) with genitive of person(s), in the time of: ἐπὶ Ἐλισαίου, Luk.4:27; ἐπὶ Κλαυδίου, Act.11:28; ἐπὶ Ἀβιάθαρ ἀρχιερέως, when A. was high priest, Mrk.2:26;

(b) with genitive of thing(s), at, at the time of: Mat.1:11, Heb.1:2, 2Pe.3:3; ἐπὶ τ. προσευχῶν, Rom.1:10, Eph.1:16, 1Th.1:2, Phm 4.

II. C. dative, of place, answering the question, where?

(a) lit., on, upon: Mat.9:16, 14:8, al.; after verbs of motion (see supr., I, 1, (a)), Mat.9:16 Act.8:16; above, Luk.23:38; at, by, Mrk.13:29, Jhn.5:2, Act.5:9, al.;

(b) metaphorically, upon, on the ground of, Luk.4:4 (LXX); in the matter of, Mrk.6:52 (see Swete, in l.); upon, of, concerning, Act.5:35, 40; of the ground, reason or motive (Bl., §38, 2; 43, 3), Mat.18:3 19:9, Rom.12:12, al.; ἐφ᾽ ᾧ, for the reason that, because, Rom.5:12 2Co.5:4; after verbs of motion, over, Mat.18:13, Rom.16:19, al.; of a condition (cl.), Rom.8:20, 1Co.9:10; ἐπὶ δυσὶ μάρτυσιν (see Westc. on Heb.9:10), Heb.10:28; of purpose or aim, Eph.2:10, Php.4:10; of authority, over, Mat.24:47 Luk.12:44; of hostility, with dative of person(s) (cl.), against, Luk.12:52; in addition to (cl.), 2Co.7:13; of an adjunct, in, at, on, Php.1:3 2:17.

III. C. accusative,

1. of place of motion upon or over, answering the question, whither?

(a) lit., upon, over: Mat.14:28, 29, Luk.5:19, al. mult.; in NT also, answering the question, where? (as with genitive, dative), Mrk.4:38 11:2, Luk.2:25, Jhn.1:32; ἐπὶ τ. αὐτό, Act.1:15 2:1, al.; of motion to a vicinity, to, Mrk.16:2, Act.8:36, al.;

(b) metaphorically (in wh. "the accusative is more widely prevalent than it strictly should be," Bl., §43, 1); of blessings, evils, etc., coming upon one, with accusative of person(s), Mat.10:13 12:28, Act.2:17, Jhn.18:4, Eph.5:6, al.; of addition (dative in cl.), λύπη ἐπὶ λύπην, Php.2:27; ἐπικαλεῖν ὄνομα ἐπί (see: ἐπικαλέω), Act.15:17, Jas.2:7; καλεῖν ἐπί, to call after, Luk.1:59; of number or degree: ἐπὶ τρίς (cl. εἰς τ.), thrice, Act.10:16 11:10; ἐπὶ πλεῖον, the more, further, Act.4:17 2Ti.2:16 3:9 (see also infr., 2, (a)); ἐφ᾽ ὅσον (see infr., ib.), forasmuch as, Mat.25:40, 45, Rom.11:13; of power, authority, control, Luk.1:33, Act.7:10 Rom.5:14, Heb.3:6, al.; of the direction of thoughts and feelings, unto, towards, Luk.1:17 23:28, Act.9:35, 42, Rom.11:22, Gal.4:9, Eph.2:7, 1Ti.5:5, al.; of purpose, for, Mat.3:7, Luk.23:48; ἐφ᾽ ὅ πάρει (Rec. ἐφ᾽ ᾧ, Mat.26:50; of hostility, against, Mat.24:7, Mrk.3:24-26 10:11 13:8, Luk.9:5, Jhn.13:18, Act.7:54, 1Co.7:36, 2Co.1:23; Of reference, concerning, for (cl. usually dative), Mrk.9:12 15:24, Jhn.19:24, Rom.4:9.

2. Of time,

(a) during, for: Luk.4:25 (WH, txt., omits ἐπί), Act.13:31 16:18, Heb.11:30, al.; ἐφ᾽ ὅσον (χρόνον), as long as, for so long time as, Mrk.9:15 Rom.7:1, al. (for ἐφ᾽ ὅ in another sense, see supr., 1, (b)); ἐφ᾽ ἱκανόν (see: ἱ), Act.20:11; ἐπὶ πλεῖον (see supr., 1, (b)), yet longer, further, Act.20:9 24:4;

(b) on, about, towards (cl. εἰς): Luk.10:35 Act.3:1 4:5.

IV. In composition, ἐπί signifies: up, ἐπαίρω; upon, ἐπίγειος, ἐπιδημέω, ὠπικαθίζω; towards, επιβλέπω, ὠπεκτείνω; over (of superintendence), ἐπιστάτης; again, in addition, ἐπαιτέω; against, ἐπιορκέω, ἐπιβουλή.

(AS)

Lexicon: STEPBible Tyndale House Brief Lexicons (TBESH / TBESG) (CC BY 4.0)

Translation

Translated as (BSB)

Forms

By book

Old Testament

New Testament

Concordance 781 verses

Acts 8:1 ἐπὶ

And Saul was there, giving approval to Stephen’s death. On that day a great persecution broke out against the church in Jerusalem, and all except the apostles were scattered throughout Judea and Samaria.
Acts 8:2 ἐπ’

God-fearing men buried Stephen and mourned deeply over him.
Acts 8:16 ἐπ’

For the Holy Spirit had not yet fallen upon any of them; they had simply been baptized into the name of the Lord Jesus.
Acts 8:17 ἐπ’

Then Peter and John laid their hands on them, and they received the Holy Spirit.
Acts 8:24 ἐπ’

Then Simon answered, “Pray to the Lord for me, so that nothing you have said may happen to me.”
Acts 8:26 ἐπὶ

Now an angel of the Lord said to Philip, “Get up and go south to the desert road that goes down from Jerusalem to Gaza.”
Acts 8:27 ἐπὶ

So he started out, and on his way he met an Ethiopian eunuch, a court official in charge of the entire treasury of Candace, queen of the Ethiopians. He had gone to Jerusalem to worship,
Acts 8:28 ἐπὶ

and on his return was sitting in his chariot reading Isaiah the prophet.
Acts 8:32 ἐπὶ

The eunuch was reading this passage of Scripture: “He was led like a sheep to the slaughter, and as a lamb before the shearer is silent, so He did not open His mouth.
Acts 8:36 ἐπί

As they traveled along the road and came to some water, the eunuch said, “Look, here is water! What is there to prevent me from being baptized?”
Acts 9:4 ἐπὶ

He fell to the ground and heard a voice say to him, “Saul, Saul, why do you persecute Me?”
Acts 9:11 ἐπὶ

“Get up!” the Lord told him. “Go to the house of Judas on Straight Street and ask for a man from Tarsus named Saul, for he is praying.
Acts 9:17 ἐπ’

So Ananias went to the house, and when he arrived, he placed his hands on Saul. “Brother Saul,” he said, “the Lord Jesus, who appeared to you on the road as you were coming here, has sent me so that you may see again and be filled with the Holy Spirit.”
Acts 9:21 ἐπὶ

All who heard him were astounded and asked, “Isn’t this the man who wreaked havoc in Jerusalem on those who call on this name? And hasn’t he come here to take them as prisoners to the chief priests?”
Acts 9:33 ἐπὶ

There he found a man named Aeneas, who had been paralyzed and bedridden for eight years.
Acts 9:35 ἐπὶ

and all who lived in Lydda and Sharon saw him and turned to the Lord.
Acts 9:42 ἐπὶ

This became known all over Joppa, and many people believed in the Lord.
Acts 10:9 ἐπὶ

The next day at about the sixth hour, as the men were approaching the city on their journey, Peter went up on the roof to pray.
Acts 10:10 ἐπ’

He became hungry and wanted something to eat, but while the meal was being prepared, he fell into a trance.
Acts 10:11 ἐπὶ

He saw heaven open and something like a large sheet being let down to earth by its four corners.
Acts 10:16 ἐπὶ

This happened three times, and all at once the sheet was taken back up into heaven.
Acts 10:17 ἐπὶ

While Peter was puzzling over the meaning of the vision, the men sent by Cornelius found Simon’s house and approached the gate.
Acts 10:25 ἐπὶ

As Peter was about to enter, Cornelius met him and fell at his feet to worship him.
Acts 10:34 Ἐπ’

Then Peter began to speak: “I now truly understand that God does not show favoritism,
Acts 10:39 ἐπὶ

We are witnesses of all that He did, both in the land of the Jews and in Jerusalem. And although they put Him to death by hanging Him on a tree,
Acts 10:44 ἐπὶ

While Peter was still speaking these words, the Holy Spirit fell upon all who heard his message.
Acts 10:45 ἐπὶ

All the circumcised believers who had accompanied Peter were astounded that the gift of the Holy Spirit had been poured out even on the Gentiles.
Acts 11:10 ἐπὶ

This happened three times, and everything was drawn back up into heaven.
Acts 11:11 ἐπὶ

Just then three men sent to me from Caesarea stopped at the house where I was staying.
Acts 11:15 ἐπ’ἐφ’

As I began to speak, the Holy Spirit fell upon them, just as He had fallen upon us at the beginning.
Acts 11:17 ἐπὶ

So if God gave them the same gift He gave us who believed in the Lord Jesus Christ, who was I to hinder the work of God?”
Acts 11:19 ἐπὶ

Meanwhile those scattered by the persecution that began with Stephen traveled as far as Phoenicia, Cyprus, and Antioch, speaking the message only to Jews.
Acts 11:21 ἐπὶ

The hand of the Lord was with them, and a great number of people believed and turned to the Lord.
Acts 11:28 ἐφ’ἐπὶ

One of them named Agabus stood up and predicted through the Spirit that a great famine would sweep across the whole world. (This happened under Claudius.)
Acts 12:10 ἐπὶ

They passed the first and second guards and came to the iron gate leading to the city, which opened for them by itself. When they had gone outside and walked the length of one block, the angel suddenly left him.
Acts 12:12 ἐπὶ

And when he had realized this, he went to the house of Mary the mother of John, also called Mark, where many people had gathered together and were praying.
Acts 12:20 ἐπὶ

Now Herod was in a furious dispute with the people of Tyre and Sidon, and they convened before him. Having secured the support of Blastus, the king’s chamberlain, they asked for peace, because their region depended on the king’s country for food.
Acts 12:21 ἐπὶ

On the appointed day, Herod donned his royal robes, sat on his throne, and addressed the people.
Acts 13:11 ἐπὶἐπ’

Now look, the hand of the Lord is against you, and for a time you will be blind and unable to see the light of the sun.” Immediately mist and darkness came over him, and he groped about, seeking someone to lead him by the hand.
Acts 13:12 ἐπὶ

When the proconsul saw what had happened, he believed, for he was astonished at the teaching about the Lord.
Acts 13:31 ἐπὶ

and for many days He was seen by those who had accompanied Him from Galilee to Jerusalem. They are now His witnesses to our people.
Acts 13:50 ἐπὶ

The Jews, however, incited the religious women of prominence and the leading men of the city. They stirred up persecution against Paul and Barnabas and drove them out of their district.
Acts 13:51 ἐπ’

So they shook the dust off their feet in protest against them and went to Iconium.
Acts 14:3 ἐπὶἐπὶ

So Paul and Barnabas spent considerable time there, speaking boldly for the Lord, who affirmed the message of His grace by enabling them to perform signs and wonders.
Acts 14:10 ἐπὶ

In a loud voice Paul called out, “Stand up on your feet!” And the man jumped up and began to walk.
Acts 14:13 ἐπὶ

The priest of Zeus, whose temple was just outside the city, brought bulls and wreaths to the city gates, hoping to offer a sacrifice along with the crowds.
Acts 14:15 ἐπὶ

“Men, why are you doing this? We too are only men, human like you. We are bringing you good news that you should turn from these worthless things to the living God, who made heaven and earth and sea and everything in them.
Acts 15:10 ἐπὶ

Now then, why do you test God by placing on the necks of the disciples a yoke that neither we nor our fathers have been able to bear?
Acts 15:17 ἐφ’ἐπ’

so that the remnant of men may seek the Lord, and all the Gentiles who are called by My name, says the Lord who does these things
Acts 15:19 ἐπὶ

It is my judgment, therefore, that we should not cause trouble for the Gentiles who are turning to God.